Quiz - Alkanes | Alkanes
Which one of the following statements regarding alkanes is correct?
Alkanes are polar molecules
All alkane carbon atoms are sp3 hybridized
Alkanes are soluble in water
Alkanes have high boiling points
How many groups of equivalent hydrogen does the pentane have?
1
2
3
4
The alcohol of 2-methylpentan-2-ol is:
primary
secondary
tertiary
quaternary
The alcohol chemical function is on a carbon attached to 3 other carbon atoms ⇒ it is a tertiary alcohol
What is the correct IUPAC name of (CH3)2CHCH2CH(CH2CH2CH3)2?
1,1-dimethyl-3,3-dipropylpropane
1-isopropyl-2-propylpentane
2-methyl-4-propylheptane
6-methyl-4-propylheptane
1) Longest chain: 7 carbon atoms ⇒ heptane
2) 1 methyl substituent + 1 propyl substituent
3) The left end is the closest to a subst.: number the C atoms from the left to the right
4) 2-methyl-4-propylheptane
What is the first step of the halogenation of alkanes?
Heterolytic cleavage of the dihalogen
Homolytic cleavage of the dihalogen
Propagation
Chain termination
Radical chain reactions proceed in 3 stages: initiation (homolytic cleavage of the Cl-Cl bond), propagation and termination (radical-radical combination)
How many products do you expect with the halogenation of methylpropane?
1
2
3
4
What is the most stable radical?
Primary radical
Secondary radical
Tertiary radical
Quaternary radical
The stability of radicals increases along the series from primary to secondary to tertiary (hyperconjugation). There are no quaternary radicals since carbon atoms cannot have more than 8 electrons in their valence shell