Quiz - Carboxylic Acid Derivatives - 1 | Carboxylic Acid Derivatives – Acid Anhydrides, Amides, Nitriles
Organic Chemistry 3 - Quiz - Carboxylic Acid Derivatives - 1
Which reagent is typically used in the preparation of acid anhydrides from two carboxylic acids?
Phosphorus pentoxide is a dehydrating agent commonly used to create acid anhydrides by removing water from two carboxylic acids.
What is the expected major product when an acid anhydride reacts with an amine?
The reaction between an acid anhydride and an amine yields an amide as the major product. This is due to the nucleophilicity of the amine, which attacks the electrophilic carbonyl carbon of the anhydride.
Which of the following reagents can be used for the preparation of amides from carboxylic acids?
Amides can be prepared from carboxylic acids using a carbodiimide reagent, which facilitates the amidation reaction. The carbodiimide acts as a coupling agent, enabling the formation of amides through the condensation of carboxylic acids with amines.
The hydrolysis of an amide under acidic conditions produces which of the following?
Acidic hydrolysis of an amide results in a carboxylic acid and ammonium ion under acidic conditions. This is because the bond between the nitrogen and carbonyl carbon in the amide is broken during hydrolysis.
When naming nitriles using IUPAC rules, the '-e' in the corresponding alkane name is replaced with which suffix?
The correct suffix for naming nitriles in IUPAC nomenclature is '-nitrile', which replaces the '-e' in the alkane chain name from which the nitrile is derived.
Which of the following compounds can be prepared from both amides and alkyl halides?
Nitriles can be prepared from amides through dehydration or from alkyl halides through substitution reactions, illustrating their accessibility from different functional groups.
What is the main product formed when a nitrile undergoes acid-catalyzed hydrolysis?
Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of a nitrile leads to a carboxylic acid as the nitrile group is fully hydrolyzed to the acid moiety.
In the presence of a strong acid catalyst, nitriles can react with alcohols to form which of the following?
Despite the nitrile's lack of carbonyl group, it can react with alcohols under strong acid catalysis to form esters in a nitrile esterification reaction.
Which property of nitriles is critical for their ability to undergo a variety of chemical reactions, such as nucleophilic addition?
The high polarity of the carbon-nitrogen triple bond in nitriles makes the carbon atom electrophilic, facilitating its ability to undergo nucleophilic addition reactions.
What is a common reagent used for the reduction of nitriles to primary amines?
Lithium Aluminum Hydride (LiAlH4) is a powerful reducing agent that is commonly employed for the reduction of nitriles to primary amines.