Quiz - Carboxylic Acid Derivatives - 2 | Carboxylic Acid Derivatives – Acid Anhydrides, Amides, Nitriles
Organic Chemistry 3 - Quiz - Carboxylic Acid Derivatives - 2
Which compound would result from the reaction of an acid anhydride with an alcohol?
The reaction between an acid anhydride and an alcohol yields an ester, illustrating the facile transformation of acid anhydrides into other carboxylic acid derivatives.
By dehydration of what compound types can nitriles be prepared?
Nitriles can be prepared by dehydration of amides, often accomplished using reagents such as phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) or thionyl chloride (SOCl2).
Which reagent is commonly used for the preparation of acid anhydrides from two carboxylic acid molecules?
Dehydrating agents like phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) remove water from two carboxylic acid molecules, causing them to form an anhydride bond. This process is a common method to synthesize acid anhydrides.
What distinguishes DIBAL-H from other reducing agents in nitrile reduction?
DIBAL-H is known for its selectivity in converting nitriles to aldehydes without reducing them further to primary alcohols or carboxylic acids.
What is the outcome of the reduction of acid anhydrides with LiAlH4?
The reduction of acid anhydrides with LiAlH4 typically results in the formation of primary alcohols.
What is the significance of nitriles in the synthesis of carboxylic acids?
Nitriles can be hydrolyzed under acidic or basic conditions to produce carboxylic acids. This transformation allows for the extension of carbon chains in synthetic organic chemistry.
Which is more reactive towards nucleophilic substitution, and why?
Acid chlorides are more reactive towards nucleophilic substitution than amides due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the chlorine, which makes the carbonyl carbon more electrophilic.
What alcohol and conditions are required to convert acetic anhydride to methyl acetate?
Reacting acetic anhydride with methanol under acidic conditions gives methyl acetate. The acid catalyst aids in the reaction by protonating the oxygen, making it a better leaving group.
What is the IUPAC name for a cyclohexane molecule with one cyano group?
The correct IUPAC name for a cyclohexane with one cyano group is "Cyclohexanecarbonitrile."
In amide formation using DCC, what is the role of the carbodiimide reagent?
Carbodiimides function as coupling agents, facilitating the condensation reaction between carboxylic acids and amines by activating the carboxylic acid group for nucleophilic attack by the amine.