Quiz 1 - Liquids and Solids | Liquids and Solids
General Chemistry 2 - Quiz 1 - Liquids and Solids
What type of intermolecular forces are due to the attraction between temporary dipoles and their induced temporary dipoles?
London dispersion forces are electrostatic interactions that occur between two nonpolar molecules
Which of the following compounds cannot exhibit hydrogen bonding?
CH4 has neither a hydrogen atom bonded to N, O or F nor an electronegative atom having a lone pair of electrons ⇒ This molecule cannot exhibit a hydrogen bond
What is the normal boiling point of a liquid?
The normal boiling point is the temperature at which vapor pressure = atmospheric pressure (1 atm)
Where on a phase diagram can you find conditions under which only one phase exists?
On a phase diagram, the areas bounded by lines represent regions where only a single phase (solid, liquid, or gas) exists. The lines themselves represent the conditions under which two phases coexist in equilibrium (e.g., solid-liquid, liquid-gas, solid-gas). The triple point is where all three phases coexist, and the critical point is where the liquid and gas phases become indistinguishable.
What is the property responsible for the ‘beading up’ of water?
Surface tension is the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid and is therefore responsible for the 'beading up' of water.
What is the consequence of large intermolecular forces in a substance?
Large intermolecular forces in a substance result in:
- High boiling point: Strong intermolecular forces require more energy to overcome, leading to a higher boiling point.
- High viscosity: Strong intermolecular forces make it more difficult for molecules to slide past one another, resulting in higher viscosity.
- High surface tension: Strong intermolecular forces pull molecules at the surface closer together, increasing surface tension.
Which of the following statements about phase changes is correct?
During condensation, a substance releases heat as it transitions from a gas to a liquid, and the temperature remains constant during the phase change. Option A is incorrect because during melting, a substance absorbs heat, but its temperature remains constant during the phase change until all the solid has melted.
Which of the following types of crystals is characterized by strong directional covalent bonds and a high melting point?
Covalent network crystals, such as diamond or quartz, are characterized by a continuous network of covalent bonds throughout the crystal, resulting in high melting points and great hardness.
Which of the following best describes the coordination number in a crystal structure?
The coordination number refers to the number of nearest neighboring atoms surrounding a central atom in a crystal structure.
In X-ray crystallography, what is the primary purpose of using X-rays?
X-ray crystallography uses X-rays to determine the arrangement of atoms within a crystal by analyzing the diffraction pattern produced when X-rays are scattered by the crystal.