Quiz - Structure and Reactivity - 3 | Structure and Reactivity
Organic Chemistry 1 - Quiz - Structure and Reactivity - 3
Which of the following molecules is most likely to act as a Bronsted base?
NH3 (Ammonia) is most likely to act as a Bronsted base, as it has a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom that can accept a proton.
Which of the following best represents the concept of acid strength?
Acid strength is best represented by the extent to which an acid donates its protons to water, which is a measure of its dissociation in solution.
Identify the molecule that can function as both a Lewis acid and a Lewis base.
H2O can function as both a Lewis acid (it can accept an electron pair) and a Lewis base (it can donate an electron pair), demonstrating the amphiprotic nature of water.
What distinguishes a nucleophile from an electrophile in a chemical reaction?
Nucleophiles are characterized by their ability to donate an electron pair, whereas electrophiles are electron-pair acceptors. This distinction defines their roles in chemical reactions.
Which functional group is primarily characterized by a carbon-oxygen double bond?
The carbonyl functional group is characterized by a carbon-oxygen double bond, a key structural feature in various organic compounds like aldehydes and ketones.
Which of the following is not a type of isomerism found in organic chemistry?
Ionic isomerism is not a recognized type of isomerism in organic chemistry. Structural, stereo, and conformational isomers involve differences in the arrangement of atoms.
In organic chemistry, full-headed curved arrows are used to denote the movement of which of the following?
Full-headed curved arrows in organic chemistry mechanistic schemes specifically denote the movement of electron pairs during chemical reactions.
What is the difference between heterolytic and homolytic cleavage of a chemical bond?
In heterolytic cleavage, the bond electrons are divided unequally, resulting in the formation of ions. In homolytic cleavage, the electrons are divided equally, leading to radical formation.
The stability of carbocations increases with which of the following factors?
Carbocations are more stable with increasing alkyl substitution because the alkyl groups can donate electron density through hyperconjugation, stabilizing the positive charge.
Which concept explains the difference in reactivity between different functional groups in organic molecules?
The varying reactivity of functional groups is largely dependent on the polarity of their molecular dipoles, which affects their interaction with nucleophiles and electrophiles.