Quiz 2 - The Atomic Theory | The Atomic Theory
General Chemistry 1 - Quiz 2 - The Atomic Theory
Which statement best explains the difference between isotopes of the same element?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element, which means they have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. This difference in neutron count does not affect their chemical properties significantly but does result in different atomic masses. Electrons and protons remain constant in isotopes of a particular element.
In the context of atomic structure, what is the significance of the atomic number Z?
The atomic number is significant because it represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom and uniquely identifies an element. This determines the element's position on the periodic table, as elements are ordered by their atomic number. It does not represent the total number of nucleus particles (which would also include neutrons) or the sum of protons and electrons.
Which of the following best defines a cation?
A cation is an ion with a positive charge, which occurs when an atom loses electrons and thus has more protons than electrons. Answer 2 describes an anion, Answer 3 describes the charge of an anion rather than a cation, and Answer 4 describes a neutral atom, not an ion.
What are the constituents of an atom?
Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons orbit the nucleus.
In terms of atomic structure, which subatomic particles determine the chemical behavior of an element?
The chemical behavior of an element is governed primarily by its electrons, especially those in the outermost energy levels (valence electrons). Protons and neutrons in the nucleus are not directly involved in chemical reactions, as these involve the loss, gain or sharing of electrons.
According to the atomic theory, what are atoms?
According to the atomic theory, atoms are described as small and indivisible particles that make up matter.
Who formulated the atomic theory in the early 19th century?
John Dalton formulated the atomic theory in the early 19th century, proposing fundamental principles about the nature of matter and atoms.
What happens to atoms during a chemical reaction according to the atomic theory?
The atomic theory states that during a chemical reaction, atoms are rearranged, separated, or recombined to form new substances, while the atoms themselves remain unchanged.
How is the most common form of an oxoanion named?
The most common form of oxoanions is named by changing the ending of the central element's name to "-ate" and adding the word "ion".
What is the name of the monatomic anion O2-?
The monatomic anion O2- is named as oxide ion, indicating that it is negatively charged.