Types of bonding | Ionic Bonding and Properties of Ionic Compounds

General Chemistry 1 - Types of bonding

Predict which of the following compounds are ionic and which are covalent:


MnO

CO2

PCl5

PbCl2

NaCl

Cl2CO

Hints:

  1. Type of Elements:
    Ionic Bonds: Typically form between metals and nonmetals.
    Covalent Bonds: Typically form between nonmetals.

  2. Electronegativity Difference:
    Ionic Compounds: Large difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms.
    Covalent Compounds: Small to moderate difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms

  3. Periodic Table Trends:
    Metals (usually form cations) are located on the left and center of the periodic table.
    Nonmetals (usually form anions or share electrons) are located on the right side of the periodic table


Answer:

MnO ⇒ ionic

CO2 ⇒ covalent

PCl5 ⇒ covalent

PbCl2 ⇒ ionic

NaCl ⇒ ionic

Cl2CO ⇒ covalent

 

Explanation:

MnO (Manganese(II) Oxide):

  • Type of Elements: Metal (Mn) and nonmetal (O).
  • Electronegativity Difference: Large.
  • Bond Type: Ionic.

CO2 (Carbon Dioxide):

  • Type of Elements: Nonmetal (C) and nonmetal (O).
  • Electronegativity Difference: Moderate.
  • Bond Type: Covalent.

PCl5 (Phosphorus Pentachloride):

  • Type of Elements: Nonmetal (P) and nonmetal (Cl).
  • Electronegativity Difference: Moderate.
  • Bond Type: Covalent.

PbCl2 (Lead(II) Chloride):

  • Type of Elements: Metal (Pb) and nonmetal (Cl).
  • Electronegativity Difference: Large.
  • Bond Type: Ionic.

NaCl (Sodium Chloride):

  • Type of Elements: Metal (Na) and nonmetal (Cl).
  • Electronegativity Difference: Large.
  • Bond Type: Ionic.

Cl2CO (Phosgene):

  • Type of Elements: Nonmetals (Cl, C, and O).
  • Electronegativity Difference: Moderate.
  • Bond Type: Covalent.