Quiz 3 - Ionic Bonding and Compounds | Ionic Bonding and Properties of Ionic Compounds
General Chemistry 1 - Quiz 3 - Ionic Bonding and Compounds
In which are the ionic compounds listed in order of increasing magnitude of their lattice energy?
Lattice energy increases with the charge of the ions and decreases with the size of the ions. CaO has the highest lattice energy due to the higher charges (2) and smaller ionic sizes.
The electronegativity of gallium (1.8) is greater than that of aluminum (1.6). Which is the best explanation for this difference?
The 3d electrons in gallium cause poor shielding, increasing the effective nuclear charge experienced by the valence electrons.
Which molecule has a nonzero dipole moment?
SF4 has a see-saw shape, which creates an uneven distribution of charge, resulting in a dipole moment.
Which pair of atoms forms the most ionic bond?
The most ionic bond forms between atoms with the greatest difference in electronegativity. Aluminum (Al) and Oxygen (O) have a significant difference in electronegativity, leading to a more ionic character in their bond.
The lattice energy (energy required to separate the ions in an ionic solid) of MgO is much larger than that of LiF. What contributes the most to this difference?
The lattice energy is higher for compounds with ions that have higher charges. Mg2+ and O2- in MgO have double the charges of Li+ and F- in LiF, leading to a much larger lattice energy.
Which ionic compound has the smallest lattice energy?
Lattice energy increases with the charge on the ions and decreases with the size of the ions. Na+ and F- are smaller ions with single charges, leading to the smallest lattice energy compared to the other options which have either higher charges or larger ion sizes.
Which element is the most electronegative?
Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond. Oxygen (O) is the most electronegative element among the given options. Electronegativity increases from left to right across a period in the periodic table and decreases from top to bottom down a group.
Which of the following compounds contain both ionic and covalent bonds?
BaSO4, Ca(NO3)2, and NH4Cl all contain both ionic and covalent bonds. In each case, the ionic bond exists between the metal cation and the polyatomic anion, while the covalent bonds are within the polyatomic ions.
Identify the correct chemical formula for the ionic compound formed between calcium and nitrogen.
Calcium (Ca) forms a 2+ cation (Ca2+), and nitrogen (N) forms a 3- anion (N3-). To balance the charges, you need three Ca2+ ions to balance with two N3- ions, resulting in the chemical formula Ca3N2.
What is the correct name for the ionic compound K2S?
The compound K2S consists of potassium (K+) ions and sulfide (S2-) ions. When naming ionic compounds, the cation (potassium) is named first, followed by the anion (sulfide), thus forming the name "potassium sulfide."